Not As Bright

I am constantly reminded how short and fragile our lives are on this tiny blue planet. You can do everything right and still be hit by a drunk driver, be the subject of a medical malpractice or die accidentally. It is hard to cope with the loose. There really are no simple ways to get through grief. There is only the realization the world is a little less bright without these people in our lives. After loosing a close friend of mine several years ago, I vowed I would make it a part of me to communicate my gratitude, my appreciation for those who have come into my life. To let them know they had an impact on my life. It is one of my prouder moments. I enjoy sitting down to pen and paper, sharing a few memories.

Ground Rush

When it comes to gun handling there is the critical understanding of the lethality of guns. How they are simply a machine, willed to action by the human behind the trigger. I feel it is important to review why we have safety rules in place. While we can never eliminate the danger of a gun, it is our responsibility to manage it and will it to do our biding. Complacency is a killer, it is ninja like how it entangles in our lives. We take so many things for granted, often times going through the motions. I can remember watching a video prior to my first free-fall jump so many years ago. We watched in amazement these jumpers performing all manner of jumps. I can remember the rush of knowing shortly I would be doing that, doing all those cool moves. Then the awkward feeling something should have happened by now, realizing the ground is rushing up. Making out objects on the ground as it speeds into your view and then nothing.

Recognize Danger

We were told the video was from an experienced sky diver, someone with more jumps than most can ever hope to achieve. They had decided to skip the last jump of the day, but were talked back into filming the exit only. As the familiarity of the jump takes hold and the jumpers prepare to exit so too does our cameraman…without a parachute. Choosing to film the exit only, he had left his parachute on the ground. While we were briefed on the multitude of failures that day, the glaring point to me was how comfortable we can become with danger. Years later I would be dressed down by a mentor for not recognizing danger. Placing myself and a teammate in grave danger as a result. I have strived to improve my ability to recognize danger. For new shooters we express upon them the importance of understanding the gun does not care. It is an emotionless, thoughtless piece of engineering.

Respect and Humility

When you are handling firearms never presume to above reproach. Above error. That bullet does not care. Instead, approach firearms handling with respect and humility. Recognize and admit you are fallible and can make a mistake so put in place steps to help you minimize those chances. Realize the intention of the safety rules is to work together, in an overlapping nature. That should one rule be broken, the hope is the others will survive to safeguard your actions. Live by these rules everyday, whether you handle firearms daily or not. Make it a point to review the rules and hold yourself accountable to living them and set the example for other to follow.

In the end, that is the best we can hope for, that we set the example for others to follow. That we live each day knowing how fragile it is and how we must act to protect life.

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That’s your excuse?

I have played along for years, been amused by it most of the time. When I have to listen to the asinine excuses of why someone is not ready, not ready to defend their lives I have to question the mental preparation. Now, there are times and places for a weapon’s check, but when you strap a gun to your body unless it is specifically requested to be unloaded, why would you not keep it in the highest state of readiness. Why, because we as instructors have failed. We have created an environment where we promote this mentality. We promote the mentality by not encouraging and empowering students to stay in the highest state of readiness when appropriate.

Baby Steps

In the beginning I completely understand the importance of progressing students at a safe and manageable state. There needs to be controls set in place to ensure a safe training environment. They need to be observed for safe conduct while manipulating their gun and held to high standards. They need to perform as many correct repetitions as possible under your watchful eye. I am a strong supporter for delivering the material then allowing the student to develop the skills, knowledge and correct attitude. This is where we fail as an industry. We fail to emphasize the correct attitude.

Carrying Hot All the Time

Once they develop proficiency at basic gun manipulations the mind must then be developed. They must be encouraged to carry operationally ready as often as the curriculum or situation allows. The shift in mindset should be towards holstering a firearm that is ready to protect life. Ready so the next time it is pulled from the holster, there is no doubt. I understand this is a class, held at a range, but the mentality we are depriving our students is the importance of handling themselves responsibly at all times with loaded guns. It is not something to be taken lightly, but it must be encouraged.

You Reap What You Sow

The negative outcome is students who rely on you to dictate the situation, to set the conditions. Rather than being in a constant state of readiness they miss out on cultivating the warrior mindset. I am not saying you fail as a warrior because you ask to make ready, but when you have doubts as to the condition of your firearm prior to a drill that is the failure. If you have to ask the instructor if you can inspect your gun prior to the buzzer then you run the risk of creating a lifetime of bad habits. Now, with all this being said, if the class level is appropriate to maintain hot gun then encourage students to do so, cultivate the always hot mindset.

There is nothing worse than drawing your gun and getting a click, but where did the failure originate. While willingness may be a mental state, readiness is a statement of fact.

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Understand the why

Should you clean your handgun after using? It’s a trick question, the real question is why do you clean your gun? Most folks have no idea why they clean their guns, they clean them because everybody is telling them if they don’t the Baba-Yaga will come for them. If you look at your handgun as a tool you need to ensure the tool functions properly. A clean gun can still malfunction, but not for the reasons you think. Most modern day service handguns are built to handle tremendous abuse, but wear and tear will still take it’s toll. Parts, particular small parts can and will give out. In some case when these small parts break they render the weapon totally inoperable.

Small parts breakage

The reason you clean your guns is to inspect these small parts. To inspect them for abnormal wear and tear in an effort to avoid a catastrophic failure. The best way to inspect a handgun is to clean it, so you can see burrs developing or metal wear. What sucks, a lot of folks reading this blog have no idea what parts they should be inspecting or have an interval for routine maintenance and replacement. Even the simplest handguns are complex machines at their heart and need this type of maintenance. Research and develop your own maintenance intervals so you can stay on top of them and avoid issues down the road.

Routine maintenance schedule

Most modern service handguns have many of their OEM parts available in the commercial market. You can order online and watch various tutorial videos (no guarantee on their validity) to help become more knowledgeable with end user maintenance. I suggest keeping a small parts replacement kit in your range bag so if you do have a problem on the range you are not too inconvenienced. Then create a routine maintenance schedule where after so many rounds you will visually inspect your firearm for potential issues. Here’s a tip, if you cannot find at the very least a recoil spring for your particular modern service handgun, you might want to question your purchase. I disagree with manufacture’s approach to only allowing access to spare parts at armory levels or worse having to ship the handgun in for repairs. You, as the end user should have the knowledge and resources to care for your handgun indefinitely if necessary.

Oil the crap out of them

What is a good interval, an interval you may use for defensive tools. A lot of this will be personal preference, but I am far more likely to oil my handgun than clean after use. Sometimes I will fire only 50 rounds and other days it might be 500 rounds. My governor is the total rounds fired since the last inspection and for me I use 1,000 rounds. Let that soak in for a moment because I’m sure someone’s head just exploded at that statement. That means at every 1,000 rounds I will fully disassemble, clean and inspect my handguns. Any part I feel has reached the end or near end of it’s service life is replaced right then and there. What you will find me doing in between this interval is oiling the crap out of my guns. I put way more stock in a dirty gun properly oiled, than a dirty gun with little to no oil.

Take care of your gear and your gear will take care of you is great, but truly knowing your gear is the secret. To know and understand how it operates in order to keep in the highest state of readiness.

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See the forrest for the trees

In our recent Concealed Carry Tactics class we discussed the importance of holster requirements. A big one is protecting the trigger from unauthorized access, such as your trigger finger, clothing or other foreign objects. I cannot emphasis this enough, the trigger must be protected at all times. So, while we look for certain design features to minimize unauthorized access you still need to follow safety protocols while reholstering. One such protocol is visually observing the holster mouth as you insert the muzzle. You observe during this stage of the reholstering to ensure no foreign objects have entered your holster’s mouth that can potentially lodge in the trigger guard then on the continued downward pressure of reholstering place sufficient pressure on the trigger to discharge.

Don’t be lazy

We see it happen a lot, enough we take extra precautions to minimize the risk. When you factor in the number of times you will reholster in a class the risk is even higher. Add some fatigue and the risk increases even more. We place a huge premium on teaching the correct reholstering protocol early on then we have a zero tolerance for violating the protocols. Even then we still see some mishaps, luckily with uneventful endings. The culprit we see often enough to urge caution is the undershirt. While we have seen various cover garments this clothing has lodged so far into the holster we had to remove the holster from the student’s body in order to ensure should a discharge occur we could control the muzzle. It took two other people to facilitate this process.

Mitigate risk

I have read before on the subject of holster selection the only object that can discharge the firearm was the trigger finger. I literally had to reread the part twice to make sure I didn’t misunderstand the author’s intent, but I’m pretty sure he meant to exclude foreign objects.  It would be grossly negligent to exclude foreign objects so take that into consideration. It became readily apparent that even with the safety protocols in place we may still have problems with certain holster locations. In particular, the small of the back. It is literally impossible for the student to visually observe their holster for foreign objects and while they may have a solid trigger index position, they have no way of seeing their holster or any obstructions.

Eliminate risk

In our last class we had a student who on training day three opted to change to the small of the back holster location. I agreed for two reasons, the student is a very competent gun handler and a return student. The big reason was to watch the holster location in action in an almost side by side comparison. I have compared my baseline times in the past and my best times barely overlapped my worse times from strong side. On more than one occasion the student struggle getting the pistol back into the holster; which was frustrating I’m sure.   While we have not come out and banned this holster location in the past, after seeing the performance side by side coupled with the higher inherent risk I have now made an official ruling and they are no longer allowed in our classes.

Get over it

I am sure this will upset some people, but the honest truth is this holster location is the worse of them all. Since we are discussing concealment, it does the poorest job of concealing. While you may have the sense it does a good job because you cannot see it from the front; it’s doesn’t mean it vanishes, just you cannot see it from behind. Then the slower draw time when you are already working from a deficit makes me wonder. Finally, add the increased risk of a negligent discharge due to foreign objects and the inability to visually clear your holster and I feel it is an unnecessary risk. While I consider appendix to have the highest risk regarding injury or death, the small of the back typically points the muzzle at the interior of shooter’s weak leg. Not good from an injury perspective.

Leadership is not an easy position and it takes courage to truly lead. The rewards in this case are not worth the risks.

"Safety is something that happens between your ears, not something you hold in your hands." Col. Jeff Copper, American Firearms Pioneer

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Risk management

We have conducted a record number of Concealed Carry Tactics this year and with the higher number of classes we’ve seen a lot of close calls. To mitigate the risk of a negligent discharge you must be diligent about protecting the trigger from unauthorized access. The firearm can only be discharged when sufficient pressure has been applied to the trigger, it doesn’t matter if it is from your trigger finger or other obstruction. Most modern firearms are designed to be quickly employed with little effort. This is a consideration when selecting a defensive firearm, the less complicated the better. When the rapid employment is hindered or slowed as a result of extra steps or procedures better options need to be considered. The flip side is the easier the firearm is to employ the easier it is to have an accident.

Unsafe practices

We go out of our way to instill safe protocol to follow when both drawing and reholstering. These are the two most likely times we could expect a negligent discharge. I’ve talked about this before, seeing the trigger finger move to the trigger prior to the student having the sights on target. Some were quick to dismiss it, but we’ve seen the finger move to the trigger before the muzzle is even oriented downrange. As instructors we need to have a zero tolerance for unsafe practices and need to correct them immediately. The problem I see with dismissing the danger of this practice is “when” do you say it is unsafe. I will say it is unsafe before your sights are on target for the simple reason there is no benefit to having the trigger in position prior.

Getting lazy

The next problem has to do with when we start the reholstering sequence. In the beginning of class students are paying close attention, but you can see their attention waning when fatigue sets in or they just get lazy. The constant reminder of correct positioning of their trigger finger needs to be hammered into them from an early stage. It is critical students learn the correct sequence and a heavy emphasis is placed on caution as they reholster. Too many times students are in a hurry to reholster; the problem is taking this as a positive result versus properly trained. Some will get away with relying strictly on luck, but have no negative result to reinforce their reliance on luck. Others will stay the course and rely on proper training to ensure positive results.

Recipe for trouble

While proper trigger finger positioning is critical, it is only part of the problem. Other obstructions can cause the firearm to discharge. The two biggest culprits are the cover garment and the holster. Many times we see the insidious nature of laziness set in and the student fails to adequately clear the cover garment prior to holster. The oversight can lead to a portion of the cover garment being simultaneously inserted into the holster precariously close to the trigger. If sufficient pressure is applied it can be enough to discharge the firearm. Holster bodies that do not sufficiently protect the trigger need to be avoided. Find a holster with a gap near the trigger guard or worse flimsy top that “folds” over while reholster and you have the makings of a negligent discharge.

These are known issues we brief students of in advance then strictly adhere to in class. I have no problem jumping someones shit because they got lazy or fail to follow instructions.

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False realities

Too many times I see folks out running their headlights, more interested in looking cool than being cool. Cool to me, means being trusted and safe. Let’s look at some problems we see in our classes as it relates to safety starting with another pet peeve of mine; premature trigger finger. There is this desire to get your finger on the trigger the moment it clears the holster. While this may seem like a good idea it is fraught with problems. To a large degree it is a timing issue. The student feels they will be faster if they get their finger on the trigger sooner. The harsh reality is you can only shoot accurately as fast as you can see your sights. The negative results of this practice ends up “rushing” the student to break the shot before they have confirmed their sight picture. At some distances this may not be that big a deal and some will brush it off as being “good to go”. I know it seems harmless, but all it means is you don’t have basic marksmanship skills developed and rely more on luck than skill.

Out of sequence

The next problem from this practice has to do with discharging the weapon before you intend to and while this happens from time to time it is exasperated by this practice. In particular it is dangerous when you add speed to your drawstroke. There is a point where we can see the trigger finger moving to the trigger way too early to the point as soon the pistol has cleared the holster the finger is in the trigger guard. Add a little stress and pressure is easily applied without any sight confirmation. The results here can lead to personal injury as the student potentially can end up shooting themselves. While some will blame the holster, the real culprit was the lackadaisical attitude towards safety and understanding the appropriate time to engage the trigger.

The dreaded scan

The next issue occurs post shooting when a student has completed a course of fire.  The tendency to keep the finger on the trigger as they perform some ritualistic scan (insert sarcastic emoji) is another huge problem. It does you no good to have your finger in the trigger guard and even if it is off the trigger, in fact resting on the trigger guard itself we still see as a failure. The big presumption so many students make is they will be stationary in their altercation, similar to how they train on a flat range. The moment you start moving, trip hazards abound and it is very easy to engage the trigger with improper placement when you loose your balance or are startled.

Out of ammo

The last one for this piece has to do with firearm manipulations such as conducting a reload. By failing to adhere to safe practice and placing your finger on the trigger index it is easy to see trigger fingers in the trigger guard during the reload. Again, one might scoff and remark how the firearm is empty. It is, but not for long and the moment you complete the reload you now have a live round in the chamber and trigger finger in the trigger guard. Fumbling around during this reload and it is easy to see a negligent discharge. A similar problem would be the “floating” trigger finger, where the finger is slightly off the firearm. While this seems safe, safe is tactically registered on the trigger index of the frame.

Your trigger finger should be in one of two positions; either on the trigger index or on the trigger. If it is on the trigger it is because you have made a conscious decision to firearm your weapon and part of that decision is because your sights are on target.

Photo credit to Matt Stagliano at Firelance Media

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Setting the stage

We use various selection processes in our classes, selection meaning which group a student may fall into during class. While we have several groups, the one you want to avoid is “high risk”. A high risk student is someone who consistently displays behavior that can put himself or other classmates in danger. You obviously don’t want these types of students, but as firearms training continues to become popular and concealed carriers increase it’s a subject that must be addressed. The aspect of safety is central to everything we do, lip service is not tolerated.

The snowball theory

I remind students tragedies are not the result of a single action. They are the culmination of several seemingly insignificant actions adding up to a tragedy. An important point to understand is many accidents are preventable. Through careful evaluation of previous accidents we take away lessons learned. We take these lessons and create corrective strategies to prevent them from happening again to the best of our ability. After providing clear and concise instruction, at some point we as instructors must trust the students to act safely.

Building trust

It is this trust we need in order to move forward in the curriculum. It starts the moment we meet a student with the very basic ability to follow instructions. Some instructions can be followed “loosely”, while others must be followed strictly. As an instructor you must enforce safety and there is very little margin for error. It is rare you get a student who deliberately fails to follow instructions. Many times they want to, but are overwhelmed with learning new skills and pressure to do well. When so much is going on they cannot process all the information in a timely manner or in the correct sequence bad things can happen.

The fine line

I don’t get too wrapped around the axle these days, but every now and then you’ll see me jump someone’s ass. I don’t much care how you load, my instructions are to safely load your firearm then protect your eyes and ears. No big deal if you choose to load a magazine then cycle the slide or lock the slide and release it using the slide stop…I don’t care. However, when the instructions are to observe your trigger finger straight on the pistol’s frame and off the trigger guard that’s non-negotiable.

Logical reasoning

As part of our safety protocol in our Concealed Carry Tactics classes we have students visually confirm their finger is off the trigger. There are only two ways the firearm can discharge, either you press the trigger with your finger or the trigger is pressed by a foreign object. There are two times your finger could inadvertently press the trigger, as you are drawing and as you’re re-holstering. We try to eliminated the possibility of a negligent discharge as a result of improper trigger finger placement during both phases. I had one student who either kept forgetting or wouldn’t follow instructions as I had to repeatedly correct him on the line. So, if he is having difficulty with these simple instruction is it reasonable to expect more problems?

Calamity of errors

The answer is yes. We ask students to visually inspect their holster prior to inserting the muzzle then reholster with control. The student in question felt it was OK to shove the pistol into his holster after continued corrections. Why is this a big deal, think back to the earlier comment about the little, insignificant actions that add up. Since this was a concealment class we had a variety of cover garments throughout. Each provided challenges, but the safe protocol for re-holstering was the same. When I watch a student fail to confirm their trigger finger, fail to confirm any holster obstructions then shove this pistol into their holster without looking it’s a problem.

Luckily nothing bad happened, but not by providence. Safety is non-negotiable and if you cannot follow the simplest of instructions like what equipment is required for class, then cannot follow safety protocols while in class don’t be surprised by the results.

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The powder keg

Fellow Alias Trainer, Larry Vickers announced he was banning all appendix style holsters in his open enrollment classes. While I’m not Larry it was pretty easy to see his rationale, more importantly neither he nor I are saying it’s a bad technique. We’re just saying the juice is not worth the squeeze in a training class. I have a similar policy in our marksmanship classes, but there’s more to my decision than meets the eye. As I see it subjects such as personal safety, risk mitigation and proficiency demonstration are the key points a lot of folks fail to realize.

Stop the whining

Something many folks exhibit on this topic is a large scale case of medical butt hurt. On the one hand some were quick to criticize the decision even to the point of saying “if you’re scared or don’t know what you’re doing”. Really? That was particularly douche to say given the instructor. I read several comments on a few friend’s posts and I couldn’t help but see something familiar, something I’d see regarding another subject. I saw complaints regarding appendix carry which sounded like the “open carry” group whining for not being able to carry openly. Folks are more upset someone is saying they can’t do something than really understanding the root problem.

Asking the wrong question

As instructors we have an obligation to ensure we run the safest range evolutions possible. That we take safety seriously and students know their safety is a primary concern. We work to identify risks then mitigate them through various methods. Sometimes those methods include the removal of said technique or equipment. In this case removing appendix carry from the table does what exactly? Does it remove the possibility of someone shooting themselves during the drawstroke or holstering? No, it does not. The better question to ask is what exactly it removes?

A boatload of cogs

Then you get the crowd of folks who say “I’ve been doing this since the Paleolithic Age and nothing bad has happened to me.” Great, congratulations. Realize you are but a single cog in a wheel with a ridiculous amount of cogs. As instructors conducting dozens of classes a year we see thousands of students. I think it’s safe to say our student pool is a little more diverse. When you put that many students (or cogs) through live fire training you see all types of things, sometimes not always good things. That is why we have safety rules and protocols in the first place, to mitigate risks.

 Don’t be that guy

Another issue are those who come to class and question safety protocol or best practices. You most certainly don’t have to agree with them, but if you want to participate you will have to follow them. I look to the student body to help establish a safe experience for everyone. Those students with good skills I will lean on to set an example for the rest of the class. They serve an important purpose that many overlook. Now, when you have students who deviate from protocol whether intentionally or accidentally it creates an unsafe environment not just by the act or omission, but by setting the bad example others may follow.

Let the pettiness flow

When you step onto the firing line you have an obligation to set the example and not be the example. And here’s another thing to consider, you want the worldwide instructor cadre to take you seriously. That you are competent and safe, yet we ask you to do something petty in the grand scheme of things. Rather than making it happen you protest, rather than setting the example demonstrating your capacity to perform you throw a tantrum. Rather than following the rules you play by your own. In a sense you have become the safety concern first for failing to follow instructions and second I have to ask what other safety protocols you are not following? I generally give folks the benefit of the doubt. I trust, but verify through safety rules and protocols that I ask you to follow. Trust is something that is earned, it is not given.

Frequency combined with opportunity

Larry is not alone, even in our Concealed Carry Tactics class we want all students to demonstrate competency and safety before progressing to the next mode of carry. From a frequency point of view in just about any pistol class their is a high number of drawstroke repetitions performed. Calculate the risk versus reward and it’s easy to make what I believe is the right decision, not necessarily the popular one. I use some simple critical thinking here, the fact a discharge whether negligent or accidental to the front of the body has a higher risk of severe injury and or death needs to be addressed. Liability will be assigned and the fact of the matter is it could have been avoided. Some will comment they have seen plenty of injuries caused to the side of the body or even rear. Yes, I’m sure you have and even a quick internet search will pull up plenty of videos. Now, how many deaths as a result?

What’s the point

Some will be quick to comment many of those were criminals or lacked training or had gear issues. I can remember hearing the argument for appendix not so long ago to the effect “1,000 criminals shoving it in their pants can’t be wrong”, but when they shoot themselves those same people are quick to say they don’t know what they’re doing and are untrained. The point to this whole blog is the critical nature of the injury and the fact it’s avoidable.

Not everyone will agree and that’s fine, but the real issue is did you take a moment to think about it from a different perspective. Did you bother to think of anyone else other than yourself.

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Just walk away

That is not to say we should take safety lightly, just the opposite actually. We all need to do our part and recognize unsafe conditions, whether they are on the range or in our everyday life. Trust your instinct on this one, if you are out in town and you see something unsafe for instance someone retrieving their firearm when no threat exists you have options. You can either depart the area or address the issue. Departing the area is a reasonable action, I have visited a few gun stores where I felt unsafe conditions existed. Even when you are shopping for a new firearm, you should still adhere to the safety rules. There are some places that do a much better job regarding safety; they clear the weapon in front of the customer, lay it on a gun mat and then identify a safe direction to point the firearm should the customer wish to mount the pistol. Some places don’t adhere to such safety practices and I would simply walk out, there was nothing there I needed bad enough to be placed in those situations.

Take action

If you cannot remove yourself from the situation then you’re only alternative is to take action. I guess you could do nothing and potentially be a witness to an accident. I don’t think folks want on their conscious the fact they saw some unsafe actions and did nothing about it or didn’t intervene. I’m not saying you get inside people’s personal space and dress them down. It is quite possible they were unaware of the unsafe act or condition they created. Take the time to help them see the issue, inform them of the best practices and remind them they have a duty to return to their family safely. I believe many people who are starting out would appreciate someone taking a moment to explain a safety concern in an effort to help them conduct themselves in a safer manner. If you do it in a respectful and professional manner they should not be offended, maybe a little embarrassed, but that will pass. Their actions or inactions caused you to be concerned enough to bring it up to them, they have to understand the inherent dangers of handling firearms and if they don’t then consider it small price to pay for your own safety.

The snowball effect

Safety is non-negotiable and it is usually not the result of a single issue. It is the culmination of several smaller almost insignificant issues that when added all up equal a mishap. Back in the Navy we use to have “Pre-mishap plans” in place for our training evolutions. I felt it was pretty much common sense, but apparently it wasn’t. The plan outlined the most likely accidents, put in place steps to reduce those accidents and then had a plan for how to deal with the accidents if they occurred. This is how you mitigate risk, you recognize the dangers and you work to reduce or eliminate them. Most of us should know what is safe and unsafe, but sometimes we don’t allow ourselves to see it for one reason or another. I have done somethings unsafe before and I was lucky enough to have good people intervene and set me on the right path. It is something we should all pass down and it should be something we all are open to, even if it hurts our feelings, you need to think of the greater good.

When projectiles are traveling from 900 to 3,000fps there is not a lot of margin for error. Once the bullet leaves the barrel there is no going back.

"Safety is something that happens between your ears, not something you hold in your hands." Col. Jeff Cooper, Author and Father of the Modern Pistol Technique.

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